PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

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What is considered a fourth-degree burn?

  1. Burn injury only to the epidermis

  2. Burn injury to muscle or bone

  3. Burn with blisters and open weeping areas

  4. Only superficial burns

The correct answer is: Burn injury to muscle or bone

A fourth-degree burn is characterized by a burn injury that extends through the skin and subcutaneous tissues, reaching deeper layers such as muscle, tendons, or even bone. This type of burn results in significant damage not only to the skin but also to the underlying structures, which can impair function in the affected area. It is often associated with extensive tissue necrosis and may require surgical intervention, such as debridement or amputation. In contrast, the other types of burns mentioned do not penetrate to this depth. A burn limited to the epidermis is classified as a first-degree burn, while burns with blisters and open weeping areas typically fall under second-degree burns. Superficial burns also refer to first-degree injuries and do not involve deep tissue damage. Fourth-degree burns are the most severe and require immediate and comprehensive medical treatment.