PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is one of the signs of superior vena cava syndrome?

1. Severe headache

2. Facial swelling

3. Chronic cough

4. Severe back pain

The correct answer is: Facial swelling

Facial swelling is a key sign of superior vena cava syndrome, which occurs when there is obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava. This obstruction can lead to increased venous pressure in the head, neck, and upper extremities due to impaired return of blood to the heart. The resulting congestion often manifests as swelling in the face, neck, and sometimes the upper extremities, making it a distinct and notable symptom of this condition. In cases of superior vena cava syndrome, patients often present with a range of other symptoms, but facial swelling prominently indicates the disrupted venous return associated with the condition. Recognizing this symptom is crucial for early diagnosis and management, which may include identifying the underlying cause, such as malignancy or thrombus formation. Other signs and symptoms can indeed occur but may not be as immediate or visually significant as facial swelling.