PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

Which of the following complications is least likely associated with aortic dissection?

1. Aortic insufficiency

2. Pneumonia

3. Aortic arterial branch occlusion

4. Cardiac tamponade

The correct answer is: Pneumonia

Aortic dissection is a serious condition involving a tear in the aorta's inner layer, leading to a separation of the aortic wall layers. The complications associated with this condition stem primarily from the direct impact on the aorta and its branches. Pneumonia is considered the least likely complication associated with aortic dissection. While pneumonia is a common respiratory infection that can occur in various patient populations, it does not have a direct relationship with the pathological changes or complications arising from an aortic dissection. The priority complications of aortic dissection typically involve the cardiovascular and vascular systems rather than pulmonary complications. In contrast, aortic insufficiency can arise if the dissection involves the aortic valve annulus, leading to regurgitation. Aortic arterial branch occlusion can occur due to compromised blood flow to branches of the aorta. Cardiac tamponade is another potential complication due to the accumulation of blood or fluid in the pericardial space that can occur if the dissection breaches the outer layer of the aorta and penetrates into the pericardial cavity. Considering these factors, pneumonia is less likely to be a direct complication of aortic dissection compared to the other listed conditions that are more commonly associated with the