PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

Which of the following is a systemic factor affecting wound healing?

1. Wound cleanliness

2. Infection

3. Chronic illness

4. Radiation exposure

The correct answer is: Chronic illness

Chronic illness is indeed a systemic factor affecting wound healing due to its impact on the body's overall physiological condition and immune response. Conditions such as diabetes, vascular disease, or autoimmune disorders can significantly impair the wound healing process. For instance, diabetes can affect circulation and reduce the supply of oxygen and nutrients necessary for tissue repair, leading to delayed healing and an increased risk of complications. Although wound cleanliness, infection, and radiation exposure are important factors that can influence wound healing, they are primarily local factors rather than systemic. Wound cleanliness directly relates to the environment around a wound, while infection typically involves localized bacteria that can exacerbate healing issues. Radiation exposure can cause local tissue damage, which may affect healing but does not have the systemic implications associated with chronic illnesses. Therefore, among the options provided, chronic illness is the factor that affects the body as a whole and has far-reaching effects on the healing capacity of wounds.