PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

Which risk factor is associated with an increased incidence of pancreatic carcinoma?

1. High intake of fruits and vegetables

2. BRCA gene mutation

3. Low body mass index

4. Regular physical activity

The correct answer is: BRCA gene mutation

The association between BRCA gene mutations and an increased incidence of pancreatic carcinoma is well-documented in medical literature. Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are primarily known for their link to breast and ovarian cancers, but they also significantly elevate the risk for developing other cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Individuals with these mutations have a hereditary predisposition to malignancies, which includes a higher likelihood of pancreatic cancer due to the genetic alterations that promote tumorigenesis. In contrast, high intake of fruits and vegetables, low body mass index, and regular physical activity are typically associated with positive health outcomes and may even contribute to a reduced risk of various cancers, including pancreatic carcinoma. Eating a balanced diet high in fruits and vegetables provides essential nutrients and antioxidants that can help protect against cancer, while regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight and reduces overall cancer risk. Therefore, these factors do not align with an increased risk for pancreatic carcinoma.